The Problem With The “Fat Acceptance” Movement: thoughts on Jennifer Livingston, The Yale Rudd Center, and more.

I’m going out on a limb here, but I’ve been thinking about this issue more and more, especially after the Jennifer Livingston headline.

Jennifer Livingston is a female news anchor who spoke out against a letter she received from a by-chance viewer of her show.  The letter criticized her for being overweight.  The author wrote: “Obesity is one of the worst choices a person can make and one of the most dangerous habits to maintain. I leave you this note hoping you’ll reconsider your responsibility as a local public personality to present and promote a healthy lifestyle.”  The statement was made with respect to the fact that her “physical condition” had not improved for quite some time.

Now, when you hear the letter, it does sound harsh.  My initial reaction was, “Man, that guy’s a D-bag.”  It’s really not about the content, so much as the delivery, right?

But when you listen to the letter and pick it apart sentence by sentence, you should see that he was stating his opinions matter-of-factly.  It just so happens that harping on a woman for her weight isn’t generally considered a nice thing to do.

Livingston retaliated with:

The truth is, I am overweight … But to the person who wrote me that letter, do you think I don’t know that? That your cruel words are pointing out something that I don’t see? You don’t know me… so you know nothing about me but what you see on the outside and I am much more than a number on a scale… I leave you with this: To all of the children out there who feel lost, who are struggling with your weight, with the color of your skin, your sexual preference, your disability, even the acne on your face, listen to me right now: do not let your self-worth be defined by bullies. Learn from my experience — that the cruel words of one are nothing compared to the shouts of many.

Nice response.  She really made a case against bullying.  Against heckling.  Against unfair prejudice.  It was awesome!

Nothing about what this guy said, however, was out of line–and he wasn’t being a bully.  That’s what I think, and I’m sticking to my guns.

Ms. Livingston, by addressing the “children,” takes the spotlight off herself–perhaps because she was accused of being a bad role model for young people.  But there is a difference between being an obese child and being an obese adult.

Children are not in control of their food.  They are beholden to their parents.  Children are usually not in control of their own rational faculties, due in large part to lack of cognitive development, and ignorance induced by a lack of life experience and an inundation of junk food marketing.

But adults don’t have these excuses.  We know why we’re fat.

Now being overweight is one thing.  It is understandable, considering our environment (which is strongly structured to promote fat), that this happens.  The majority of us are overweight.  We get it.  We know why.  This is not news.  There’s time for change.  Let’s make it!

But being inordinately fat–that is obese–is another thing.  It is up there with the most unhealthy things you can choose for yourself.  In the end, I believe obesity-related illnesses will bankrupt our health care system.

Being overweight is usually a sign of temporary negligence, but being obese is a sign of long-term negligence and often out-right denial.

I’ll say from my own experience as a trainer (with a designation in Weight Management Coaching) meeting with potential clients and performing their physical screenings and body fat analyses that overweight people are frequently at the gym trying to correct their health.  Obese people are not.  The are under-represented at the gym

There are many reasons for this: embarrassment, low levels of self-efficacy, denial, feelings of defeat, lack of access, lack of volition.  Obese people face a cascade of emotional and medical conditions that actually prevent them from taking corrective steps in their health.  And morbidly obese people have it even worse; at that point, they become so chemically and behaviorally imbalanced that normal body weight, even if achieved, can be fleeting.

(Keep that in mind!  There is a point of no-return–albeit, it is way out there on the spectrum of fat.  Having seen numerous exposes on morbidly obese individuals trying to save their own lives from food addiction, I learned that many of these individuals keep the weight off until something stressful occurs.  Once that happens, the addictive food behaviors return, and the weight comes back.)

We should do what we can to avoid obesity and reduce the number of overweight.

One of my favorite websites is The Yale Rudd Center For Food Policy & Obesity, founded by Dr. Kelly Brownell, author of Food Fight: The inside story of the food industry, America’s obesity crisis, and what we can do out it.

This book, dear readers, is the very first book I ever read about food and public health, in 2004, when I was but a sophomore in college, and this book was all over Yale bookstores.

First, a little back story:

I was a 100-lb 8-year old.  Then a 150-lb 10-year old.  By 14, I was 209 lbs.  Despite my high levels of physical activity (I played hard), I was a fat kid.  In the Presidential Physical Fitness Test inflicted upon middle-schoolers, I ran (more like staggered through) The Mile in over 12 minutes.  My gym teacher turned off the clock and asked me to come in early.

I took up sports in high school, and went from 209 lbs to 172 lbs in one year.  Then, over the course of three years due to negligent and emotional eating, plus boozing, I hit 222lbs.

I tried to enroll in R.O.T.C. to help pay for college.  The army didn’t want me because my body fat percentage was 30.5%, just half a percentage point over their cut-off.  I was pissed.  I was fat, sure, but so what?!   I was a great athlete!

What I failed to realize at that time was that I wasn’t the athlete I used to be–that I had become so fat (again) that I could barely clear the volleyball net.

As luck would have it, I found rowing, and my size was advantageous only because it was correlated with strength. But at the beginning of my sophomore year in college, when my coach told me I had Olympic potential, and that the US National Team would never take me seriously if I didn’t get my weight down, I had a revelation.

What you put in your mouth makes all the difference.

I read Brownell’s book and realized he was talking about me.  That my over-indulgence, my drinking, my absent-minded eating, more poor food choices, and my non-healthy friends and environments were making me fat.

Needless to say, I’m grateful to Brownell for his book.  He would also teach its content as a class.  Shortly thereafter, he started the Yale Rudd Center.

What struck me about Brownell, oddly, was that he is fat.

The Yale Rudd Center was once an organization for the exposure of unfair food marketing practices, food addiction, and policy changes.  But over time, it also took on fat acceptance, weight bias, and prejudice.

I must wonder… I really must.  Would the Yale Rudd Center have focused so much on weight bias if Brownell himself were a normal weight?

*Disclaiming wave of the hands*  Jennifer Livingston would tell me that I don’t know a thing about Brownell–that he’s more than just a number on the scale.  Clearly!  I love that guy!  I mean, I owe my own waist-line to him.

But I’m in slight disagreement with his attention on fat acceptance.  The site states:

Despite increased attention to the obesity epidemic, little has been done to stop the bias and discrimination that obese children and adults face every day. The social consequences of obesity include discrimination in employment, barriers in education, biased attitudes from health care professionals, stereotypes in the media, and stigma in interpersonal relationships. All these factors reduce quality of life for vast numbers of overweight and obese people and have both immediate and long-term consequences for their emotional and physical health.  The Rudd Center aims to stop the stigma through research, education, and advocacy

True, true.  Discrimination sucks.  Bullying is mean.  It is hard to be fat.  If you’re fat, you better be funny; or you better be the bully; or you better be wicked smart.  It sucks.  No one really wants to be fat.  It’s not fair, either, considering that the media alternative is anorexia.

Couldn’t the author of that letter addressing Ms. Livingston have been written to any of the emaciated female anchors or media stars serving at wretched examples to young girls?  Eating disorders are also epidemic.

The fat acceptance movement has gained some ground.  Some of its proponents state that being fat doesn’t necessarily mean you’re unhealthy.  That’s true.  But it’s also like suggesting that I leave one chamber empty into my Fat-Makes-Me-Sick-Gun and play Russian Roulette.

I’ve heard that being fat is an individual issue, and its “my business if I’m fat, not yours!”  Okay… well, in the words of my Kettle Bell Concepts II instructor, “You have a social responsibility NOT to be fat.  If there’s a fire in my office building and the elevators aren’t working, your fat body is probably what’s getting between me and the fire escape.”

Man, the comments can be harsh.  The truth hurts, especially when your condition is your responsibility.

The Yale Rudd Center submitted these guidelines in how to portray fat people in the media:

Guidelines

  • I: Respect Diversity and Avoid Stereotypes 
  • 1. Avoid portrayals of overweight and obese persons merely for the purpose of humor or ridicule.
  • 2. Avoid weight-based stereotypes (e.g., such as obese persons are “lazy” or “lacking in willpower”).
  • 3. Present overweight and obese persons in a diverse manner, including both women and men, of all ages, of different appearances and ethnic backgrounds, of different opinions and interests, and in a variety of roles.
  • 4. Portray overweight and obese individuals as persons who have professions, expertise, authority, and skills in a range of activities and settings.

By following some of these guidelines, don’t we inadvertently send the message that “It’s OK to be fat!”  That it is acceptable?  Isn’t that what the fat acceptance movement is all about?

Unacceptable!  Here is a neat little write-up of the economic costs of obesity.   Obesity accounts for 21 percent of health care costs.  Obesity, as far as the military is concerned (I wasn’t allowed into R.O.T.C.) is a national security threat.  Obesity contributes significantly to rising health care costs, how insurance policies are structured, time loss at work, sick days, ridiculous infrastructure modifications like larger seats in airplanes and restaurants, emergency medical responses, fertility complications, and more.

And we should just sit back and accept it because now everyone these days is fat?

Unlike being a minority, being young, old, gay, or handicapped, being fat is controllable.

Every bite that you take and every step that you make factors into your weight.  (A small percentage of a small percentage have weight issues related to genetic deviations, medications, and underlying disorders unrelated to initial body mass, and I respect that).

No one really wants to be fat.  And when a fat person wants to lose weight, one of the best things they can do is make it public–tell everyone they know what their goals are, surround themselves with people who also have healthy habits, and remove themselves from fat-promoting situations.  They should not seek solidarity with other fat people.  It’s like an alcoholic trying to quit drinking at a bar.

Now come on, Maria.  Alcoholism is an addiction.

What, and lifestyle isn’t defined by habits and addictions?  Changing your lifestyle–just about everything you do–is like quitting a substance.  It’s hard.

And so, back to Ms. Livingston… while I agree that her critic is kind of a D-bag and that fat kids and people shouldn’t be bullied or socially subdued, we should not accept fat, we should not falsely accuse someone of bullying just because the truth makes us feel bad.

Preservatives on FRESH produce: buyer beware.

It isn’t unthinkable at all.  Another gift from the FDA.  See: http://www.fda.gov/Food/ScienceResearch/ResearchAreas/SafePracticesforFoodProcesses/ucm091368.htm

If you’re like me and you try to avoid processed food because it is denatured, adulterated, bastardized, and a host of other dirty words, then you’ll be pissed off to know that the FDA actually allows preservatives on fresh produce.  We’re all familiar with “wax” on our apples.  But it isn’t actually wax.

The document on the FDA site is long and frustrating.  But here’s an excerpt:

Edible films may consist of four basic materials: lipids, resins, polysaccharides and proteins (Baldwin and others 1995). Plasticizers such as glycerol as well as cross-linking agents, antimicrobials, antioxidants, and texture agents can be added to customize the film for a specific use (Guilbert and others 1996). Plasticizers have the specific effect of increasing water vapor permeability. Therefore, their addition must be considered when calculating the desired water vapor properties of each specific film, since too much moisture can create ideal growth conditions for some foodborne pathogens. The most common plasticizer used to cast edible films is food-grade polyethylene glycol, which is used to reduce film brittleness (Koelsch 1994).

At first glace, you wouldn’t think this excerpt pertains to your food–your salads, in fact.  But they do.  These “waxy” or “plastic-like” compounds are numerous and variable, depending on the type of produce being preserved.

Whole foods aren’t whole anymore.  They’re sprayed with a bunch of crap derived from other foods, substances, or synthetic chemistry.  And while they are apparently effective in preventing earlier spoilage, they are also sometimes effective at creating neat little conditions for bad pathogens to grow.  With any widespread system, there can be acute vulnerabilities.

Without going into laborious detail about each of the substances implemented in the films, I’ll conclude by drilling home the following point: fresh food is better.  Fresh, as in picked recently–not as in freshness preserved.  These plastic-like preservatives are another band-aid holding the industrial food system (one giant ball of used bandaids) together.

Fresh is better.  The fresh, local, sustainable foods system is the one richest in variety, richest in local environmental properties, richest in community investment, richest in good “food karma.”

If you find these waxy films on your lettuce, you’re not buying fresh enough.  Your purchasing power is exactly that: power–power to engender quality food from a strong, independent, quality food system.

Remember that before you buy something that goes directly into your mouth.

You are what you eat.

Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT): A Better Way To Manage Weight

I know I always say it: “Move more, eat less.”  I wrote it plainly and simply in a previous article, How To Lose Fat which, depressingly (though not surprisingly), topped the charts for the most-viewed article I’d written to date.

“Move more, eat less.”  Or consider my modified slogan: “Move more, eat well.”

Increase your total movement, not necessarily your exercise.  That’s what Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT) is all about.

After donning an expensive ($238) armband purported to track not only my heart rate, but also my calories burned, my steps, my physical activity, and my sleep patterns, I was shocked to see that my calorie burn sitting on the couch was indistinguishable from my calorie burn while sleeping.  I was more shocked to see that I actually burned more calories in an hour of ambling around the gym floor chatting up members than I did during my high intensity 30′ workoutfar more.

Seriously!?  What’s up with with this epidemic gym culture?  We’re told it’s diet and exercise, right?

Sure.  Exercise still has its place in terms of balancing hormones and neurotransmitters, posture, stamina, flexibility, and muscle mass–but in terms of weight management, it pales in comparison to NEAT.

NEAT represents the energy expenditure of daily activities such as standing, walking, moving, and shifting while sitting.  None of these are considered planned physical exercise.  They will make or break your weight loss goals.  Research by Levine et al. (2005) recruited 20 healthy volunteers of varying body masses  and tracked their movement over 10 days.  What they found was not surprising: obese subjects (half of the group) were seated on average 164 minutes longer than the leaner participants.  That’s two and a half hours!  Additionally, the lean participants were standing and moving for 153 minutes more per day than the obese subjects, and sleep times did not very at all between the groups.

The extra movement from the lean subjects averaged 352 +/- 65 calories per day, which is the equivalent of 36.5 pound of fat in one year.  All because they move around more.

Take home lesson: have an active lifestyle.  Find ways to inconvenience yourself.  Consider three rules to make and never break.

The following is a list of suggestions on how to be more active during the day (source: ACE Lifestyle & Weight Management Consultant Manual, 2nd Ed.):

  • Walk to work.
  • Walk during your lunch hour.
  • Walk instead of drive whenever you can.
  • Take a family walk after dinner.
  • Skate to work instead of driving.
  • Walking to your place of worship instead of driving.
  • Mow the lawn with a push mower.
  • Walk your dog.
  • Replace the Sunday drive with a Sunday walk.
  • Work and walk around the house.
  • Take your dog to a park.
  • Wash the car by hand.
  • Run or walk fast when doing errands.
  • Pace the sidelines at your kids’ athletic games.
  • Take the wheels off your luggage.
  • Walk to a coworker’s desk instead of emailing or calling.
  • Make time in your day for physical activity.
  • If you find it difficult to be active after work,  try to fit exercise in before work.
  • Take a walk break instead of a coffee break.
  • Perform gardening and/or easy-to-do home-repair activities.
  • Bring your groceries (from your car) into your house one bag at a time.
  • Play with your kids at least 30 minutes a day.
  • Dance to music.
  • Walk briskly in the mall.
  • Take the long way tot he water cooler or break room.
  • Take the stairs instead of the escalator.
  • Go for a hike.

How To Lose Fat

I had a good laugh reading about muscle gain and fat burning.

Will More Muscle Rev Up Your Metabolism?  The answer, from Marticia Heaner in “Triggering Your Body To Burn Fat”, was short and sweet.  “Probably not.”

Most personal trainers, including myself, tell others that building muscle is one of the best uses of time at the gym.  It is metabolically more active tissue, it is denser.  When you build muscle, you tend to lower your body fat percentage

…but in terms of losing fat, objectively.  Well, building muscle guarantees nothing.

Why?  Because to build muscle, you have to eat.  And you tend to eat a lot.  You will likely overeat, as muscle is hungry, and building it makes you tired.  That marginal metabolic edge conferred through muscle gain is often eclipsed by an over-compensation in eating.

I know this first hand.  If you’re like me, and exercise is easy, but fat is stubborn, your problem is probably food.  Plain and simple.

Sure, a lot can be said (by me, especially) about efficiency in exercise.  If you have a small amount of time, you’re aim should be to burn the most energy possible, get the highest afterburn, and build the most muscle.  Easy, right?  Yeah… not really.  But that’s content for a different article.

I can tell my readers first hand that putting on lots of muscle will not necessarily make you lose body fat.  What often happens is you become a larger, stronger version of your fat self! What to do?

Fat loss, according to every credible article, is not scientific.  It is an annoying, objective numbers game.  Move more, eat less.  Burn more than you eat.  Period.  It does not matter what type of energy you burn.  If you write down every calorie honestly and prove you are creating a deficit of 3,500 calories, but fail to lose a pound of fat… then maybe, just maybe you have a thyroid problem.  But I’d wager that 99% of thyroid problems are simply denial.

Eat less.  Bottom line.  Eat less. Front load your calories in the beginning of the day, taper toward the evening, and if you go to bed a little bit hungry (a little, not a lot!), you’re probably on the path to body fat loss.

Increase your total movement, not necessarily your exercise.  Lift too many weights, and you might get too hungry to stick to your lower calorie diet.  Take trips by foot, park the car far away, clean things by hand, pace around, whatever you have to do.

Here we go again: move more, eat less.

You Are What You Eat: Karma

(This post is a continuation of yesterday’s post, “You Are What You Eat: Duh.”)

Energy is not always quantifiable.  Nor are all types of energy measurable.  Take karma, for example; most people I’ve talked to espouse some sort of belief in karma, or the power to precipitate one’s own ends.  The Golden Rule is based in it, “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.”

There are a lot of reasons not to eat meat, or to avoid factory-farmed food, or irresponsibly or unethically produced food.  For the sake of simplicity, I’ll focus on one food: eggs.

Eggs, to most people, are a more benign animal-derived food.  Laying hens don’t invoke images of chickens’ legs breaking under the weight of fat bodies, or chickens being caught by the legs and tossed/crammed into boxes en route to the slaughter house.  Nope.  We think that laying hens get to flap and scratch and move around (albeit, in a crowded house), and pop out eggs once or twice a day when their ready.

Far from it.

Laying hens have the most confined, miserable lives of any factory-farm species.  Exposed to artificial light, crammed into small cages, roosting in their own feces, and often roosting under the feces of other hens, these animals know nothing but stress and idleness.  It is not uncommon for farm workers to miss the carcass of a a dead bird due to the crowding and chaos.

I hate to use the Holocaust as an example, but anyone who has seen Schindler’s List or any other type of media on the subject can easily conjure up an image of human beings stuffed into boxcars and left in them for days or weeks under the most inhuman conditions.  It’s about the same for laying hens–for their entire lives.

The hen will be a product of its environment: environmental, nutritional, and emotional.

The egg is a product of that hen.

You eat that egg, and it becomes part of your nutritional makeup.

You are what you eat; and you are everything that went into that egg.  Every negatively charged emotion, every irresponsible practice, every unethical step of its production.

Some people are too “good” to buy stolen goods–but not if they don’t know those goods were stolen.  Wake up and realize what you’re eating.  I’ll call it a food’s “karmic load.”

It doesn’t stop there, and there’s no easy answer.  Foods you think are responsible, organic, or sustainable often are not.  Big Food works very hard to keep its consumers in the dark.  Start asking questions about how your food was produced, whether anyone was exploited in the process, and if the environment suffered in the process.  I’m not recommending that you do this from the viewpoint of  some touchy-feeling tree-hugging animal-rights enthusiast; I recommend it from a practical standpoint…

You are what you eat. See my related post “What you’re REALLY eating (part 2): What Consumer’s Should Know About Conventional Food.”

Follow

Get every new post delivered to your Inbox.

Join 48 other followers